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Endoscopy is a medical procedure that enables physicians to visualize and examine the interior of various organs and structures within the body. Typically performed using a flexible, thin tube equipped with a light and camera, known as an endoscope, this technique allows for minimally invasive exploration of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory system, urinary tract, and other internal cavities.

The endoscope is either inserted through natural body openings, such as the mouth or anus, or through small incisions. Endoscopy serves both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, allowing doctors to detect abnormalities, obtain tissue samples for biopsy, and even perform certain medical interventions without the need for major surgery.

The real-time imaging provided by endoscopy aids in the diagnosis of conditions like gastrointestinal ulcers, polyps, tumors, and inflammatory diseases. Its non-invasive nature reduces patient discomfort and accelerates recovery, making endoscopy a valuable tool in modern medical practice.